XPS Analysis:
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Particle surface chemistry complete with quantitative elemental composition and chemical phase analysis of multiple complex phases
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Differentiate surface chemistry with interior chemistry by analyzing freshly ground particles of material or by argon ion sputtering
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Great sensitivity to very thin surface chemistries affecting particle bonding in a polymer matrix or agglomeration control surface treatments
TGA Analysis of inorganic compounds undergoing thermal decomposition:
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Determine decomposition temperature
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Determine weight loss, which provides the amount of decomposing material, measuring loss of water and carbon dioxide, for instance
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Impurity detection and measurement
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Measure absorbed water weight
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Determine the composition
DSC Analysis:
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Determine melting temperature and heat of fusion
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Determine energy and temperature of reaction between an inorganic material and another material
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Impurity detection
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Measure energy to desorb water or to decompose
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Measure temperature of a phase transition
TMA:
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Determine CTE or thermal expansion of materials in plate or cylindrical forms
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Determine temperature of a phase change
SEM Analysis:
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Determine surface morphology and shapes of particles
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Determine particle sizes
FTIR Analysis:
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Offers quick determination of whether carbonates, phosphates, nitrates, nitrites, or water are present with relative quantitative measurement
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Measures organic surface coatings and treatments to a 1 to 2 μm depth
Optical Microscopy:
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Determines whether particles or large shaped materials appear uniform
Electrochemistry:
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Measure corrosion rates of soluble salts on metals and metal alloys
ASTM Test Methods:
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ASTM E793 - Standard Test Method for Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystallization by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
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ASTM E794 - Standard Test Method for Melting and Crystallization Temperatures by Thermal Analysis
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ASTM E1131 - Standard Test Method for Compositional Analysis by Thermogravimetry
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